// -*- c++ -*- (enables emacs c++ mode)
//===========================================================================
//
// Copyright (C) 2003-2008 Yves Renard
//
// This file is a part of GETFEM++
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/**@file gmm_dense_Householder.h
   @author Caroline Lecalvez <Caroline.Lecalvez@gmm.insa-toulouse.fr>
   @author Yves Renard <Yves.Renard@insa-lyon.fr>
   @date June 5, 2003.
   @brief Householder for dense matrices.
*/

#ifndef GMM_DENSE_HOUSEHOLDER_H
#define GMM_DENSE_HOUSEHOLDER_H

#include "gmm_kernel.h"

namespace gmm {
  ///@cond DOXY_SHOW_ALL_FUNCTIONS

  /* ********************************************************************* */
  /*    Rank one update  (complex and real version)                        */
  /* ********************************************************************* */

  template <typename Matrix, typename VecX, typename VecY>
  inline void rank_one_update(Matrix &A, const VecX& x,
			      const VecY& y, row_major) {
    typedef typename linalg_traits<Matrix>::value_type T;
    size_type N = mat_nrows(A);
    GMM_ASSERT2(N <= vect_size(x) && mat_ncols(A) <= vect_size(y),
	       "dimensions mismatch");
    typename linalg_traits<VecX>::const_iterator itx = vect_const_begin(x);
    for (size_type i = 0; i < N; ++i, ++itx) {
      typedef typename linalg_traits<Matrix>::sub_row_type row_type;
      row_type row = mat_row(A, i);
      typename linalg_traits<row_type>::iterator
	it = vect_begin(row), ite = vect_end(row);
      typename linalg_traits<VecY>::const_iterator ity = vect_const_begin(y);
      T tx = *itx;
      for (; it != ite; ++it, ++ity) *it += conj_product(*ity, tx);
    }
  }

  template <typename Matrix, typename VecX, typename VecY>
  inline void rank_one_update(Matrix &A, const VecX& x,
			      const VecY& y, col_major) {
    typedef typename linalg_traits<Matrix>::value_type T;
    size_type M = mat_ncols(A);
    GMM_ASSERT2(mat_nrows(A) <= vect_size(x) && M <= vect_size(y),
		"dimensions mismatch");
    typename linalg_traits<VecY>::const_iterator ity = vect_const_begin(y);
    for (size_type i = 0; i < M; ++i, ++ity) {
      typedef typename linalg_traits<Matrix>::sub_col_type col_type;
      col_type col = mat_col(A, i);
      typename linalg_traits<col_type>::iterator
	it = vect_begin(col), ite = vect_end(col);
      typename linalg_traits<VecX>::const_iterator itx = vect_const_begin(x);
      T ty = *ity;
      for (; it != ite; ++it, ++itx) *it += conj_product(ty, *itx);
    }
  }
  
  ///@endcond
  template <typename Matrix, typename VecX, typename VecY>
  inline void rank_one_update(const Matrix &AA, const VecX& x,
			      const VecY& y) {
    Matrix& A = const_cast<Matrix&>(AA);
    rank_one_update(A, x, y, typename principal_orientation_type<typename
		    linalg_traits<Matrix>::sub_orientation>::potype());
  }
  ///@cond DOXY_SHOW_ALL_FUNCTIONS

  /* ********************************************************************* */
  /*    Rank two update  (complex and real version)                        */
  /* ********************************************************************* */

  template <typename Matrix, typename VecX, typename VecY>
  inline void rank_two_update(Matrix &A, const VecX& x,
			      const VecY& y, row_major) {
    typedef typename linalg_traits<Matrix>::value_type value_type;
    size_type N = mat_nrows(A);
    GMM_ASSERT2(N <= vect_size(x) && mat_ncols(A) <= vect_size(y),
		"dimensions mismatch");
    typename linalg_traits<VecX>::const_iterator itx1 = vect_const_begin(x);
    typename linalg_traits<VecY>::const_iterator ity2 = vect_const_begin(y);
    for (size_type i = 0; i < N; ++i, ++itx1, ++ity2) {
      typedef typename linalg_traits<Matrix>::sub_row_type row_type;
      row_type row = mat_row(A, i);
      typename linalg_traits<row_type>::iterator
	it = vect_begin(row), ite = vect_end(row);
      typename linalg_traits<VecX>::const_iterator itx2 = vect_const_begin(x);
      typename linalg_traits<VecY>::const_iterator ity1 = vect_const_begin(y);
      value_type tx = *itx1, ty = *ity2;
      for (; it != ite; ++it, ++ity1, ++itx2)
	*it += conj_product(*ity1, tx) + conj_product(*itx2, ty);
    }
  }

  template <typename Matrix, typename VecX, typename VecY>
  inline void rank_two_update(Matrix &A, const VecX& x,
			      const VecY& y, col_major) {
    typedef typename linalg_traits<Matrix>::value_type value_type;
    size_type M = mat_ncols(A);
    GMM_ASSERT2(mat_nrows(A) <= vect_size(x) && M <= vect_size(y),
		"dimensions mismatch");
    typename linalg_traits<VecX>::const_iterator itx2 = vect_const_begin(x);
    typename linalg_traits<VecY>::const_iterator ity1 = vect_const_begin(y);
    for (size_type i = 0; i < M; ++i, ++ity1, ++itx2) {
      typedef typename linalg_traits<Matrix>::sub_col_type col_type;
      col_type col = mat_col(A, i);
      typename linalg_traits<col_type>::iterator
	it = vect_begin(col), ite = vect_end(col);
      typename linalg_traits<VecX>::const_iterator itx1 = vect_const_begin(x);
      typename linalg_traits<VecY>::const_iterator ity2 = vect_const_begin(y);
      value_type ty = *ity1, tx = *itx2;
      for (; it != ite; ++it, ++itx1, ++ity2)
	*it += conj_product(ty, *itx1) + conj_product(tx, *ity2); 
    }
  }
  
  ///@endcond
  template <typename Matrix, typename VecX, typename VecY>
  inline void rank_two_update(const Matrix &AA, const VecX& x,
			      const VecY& y) {
    Matrix& A = const_cast<Matrix&>(AA);
    rank_two_update(A, x, y, typename principal_orientation_type<typename
		    linalg_traits<Matrix>::sub_orientation>::potype());
  }
  ///@cond DOXY_SHOW_ALL_FUNCTIONS

  /* ********************************************************************* */
  /*    Householder vector computation (complex and real version)          */
  /* ********************************************************************* */

  template <typename VECT> void house_vector(const VECT &VV) {
    VECT &V = const_cast<VECT &>(VV);
    typedef typename linalg_traits<VECT>::value_type T;
    typedef typename number_traits<T>::magnitude_type R;
    
    R mu = vect_norm2(V), abs_v0 = gmm::abs(V[0]);
    if (mu != R(0))
      gmm::scale(V, (abs_v0 == R(0)) ? T(R(1) / mu)
		 : (safe_divide(T(abs_v0), V[0]) / (abs_v0 + mu)));
    if (gmm::real(V[vect_size(V)-1]) * R(0) != R(0)) gmm::clear(V);
    V[0] = T(1);
  }

  template <typename VECT> void house_vector_last(const VECT &VV) {
    VECT &V = const_cast<VECT &>(VV);
    typedef typename linalg_traits<VECT>::value_type T;
    typedef typename number_traits<T>::magnitude_type R;

    size_type m = vect_size(V);
    R mu = vect_norm2(V), abs_v0 = gmm::abs(V[m-1]);
    if (mu != R(0))
      gmm::scale(V, (abs_v0 == R(0)) ? T(R(1) / mu)
		 : ((abs_v0 / V[m-1]) / (abs_v0 + mu)));
    if (gmm::real(V[0]) * R(0) != R(0)) gmm::clear(V);
    V[m-1] = T(1);
  }
  
  /* ********************************************************************* */
  /*    Householder updates  (complex and real version)                    */
  /* ********************************************************************* */

  // multiply A to the left by the reflector stored in V. W is a temporary.
  template <typename MAT, typename VECT1, typename VECT2> inline
    void row_house_update(const MAT &AA, const VECT1 &V, const VECT2 &WW) {
    VECT2 &W = const_cast<VECT2 &>(WW); MAT &A = const_cast<MAT &>(AA);
    typedef typename linalg_traits<MAT>::value_type value_type;
    typedef typename number_traits<value_type>::magnitude_type magnitude_type;

    gmm::mult(conjugated(A),
	      scaled(V, value_type(magnitude_type(-2)/vect_norm2_sqr(V))), W);
    rank_one_update(A, V, W);
  }

  // multiply A to the right by the reflector stored in V. W is a temporary.
  template <typename MAT, typename VECT1, typename VECT2> inline
    void col_house_update(const MAT &AA, const VECT1 &V, const VECT2 &WW) {
    VECT2 &W = const_cast<VECT2 &>(WW); MAT &A = const_cast<MAT &>(AA);
    typedef typename linalg_traits<MAT>::value_type value_type;
    typedef typename number_traits<value_type>::magnitude_type magnitude_type;
    
    gmm::mult(A,
	      scaled(V, value_type(magnitude_type(-2)/vect_norm2_sqr(V))), W);
    rank_one_update(A, W, V);
  }

  ///@endcond

  /* ********************************************************************* */
  /*    Hessemberg reduction with Householder.                             */
  /* ********************************************************************* */

  template <typename MAT1, typename MAT2>
    void Hessenberg_reduction(const MAT1& AA, const MAT2 &QQ, bool compute_Q){
    MAT1& A = const_cast<MAT1&>(AA); MAT2& Q = const_cast<MAT2&>(QQ);
    typedef typename linalg_traits<MAT1>::value_type value_type;
    if (compute_Q) gmm::copy(identity_matrix(), Q);
    size_type n = mat_nrows(A); if (n < 2) return;
    std::vector<value_type> v(n), w(n);
    sub_interval SUBK(0,n);
    for (size_type k = 1; k+1 < n; ++k) {
      sub_interval SUBI(k, n-k), SUBJ(k-1,n-k+1);
      v.resize(n-k);
      for (size_type j = k; j < n; ++j) v[j-k] = A(j, k-1);
      house_vector(v);
      row_house_update(sub_matrix(A, SUBI, SUBJ), v, sub_vector(w, SUBJ));
      col_house_update(sub_matrix(A, SUBK, SUBI), v, w);
      // is it possible to "unify" the two on the common part of the matrix?
      if (compute_Q) col_house_update(sub_matrix(Q, SUBK, SUBI), v, w);
    }
  }

  /* ********************************************************************* */
  /*    Householder tridiagonalization for symmetric matrices              */
  /* ********************************************************************* */

  template <typename MAT1, typename MAT2> 
  void Householder_tridiagonalization(const MAT1 &AA, const MAT2 &QQ,
				     bool compute_q) {
    MAT1 &A = const_cast<MAT1 &>(AA); MAT2 &Q = const_cast<MAT2 &>(QQ);
    typedef typename linalg_traits<MAT1>::value_type T;
    typedef typename number_traits<T>::magnitude_type R;

    size_type n = mat_nrows(A); if (n < 2) return;
    std::vector<T> v(n), p(n), w(n), ww(n);
    sub_interval SUBK(0,n);

    for (size_type k = 1; k+1 < n; ++k) { // not optimized ...
      sub_interval SUBI(k, n-k);
      v.resize(n-k); p.resize(n-k); w.resize(n-k); 
      for (size_type l = k; l < n; ++l) 
	{ v[l-k] = w[l-k] = A(l, k-1); A(l, k-1) = A(k-1, l) = T(0); }
      house_vector(v);
      R norm = vect_norm2_sqr(v);
      A(k-1, k) = gmm::conj(A(k, k-1) = w[0] - T(2)*v[0]*vect_hp(w, v)/norm);

      gmm::mult(sub_matrix(A, SUBI), gmm::scaled(v, T(-2) / norm), p);
      gmm::add(p, gmm::scaled(v, -vect_hp(v, p) / norm), w);
      rank_two_update(sub_matrix(A, SUBI), v, w);
      // it should be possible to compute only the upper or lower part

      if (compute_q) col_house_update(sub_matrix(Q, SUBK, SUBI), v, ww);
    }
  }

  /* ********************************************************************* */
  /*    Real and complex Givens rotations                                  */
  /* ********************************************************************* */

  template <typename T> void Givens_rotation(T a, T b, T &c, T &s) {
    typedef typename number_traits<T>::magnitude_type R;
    R aa = gmm::abs(a), bb = gmm::abs(b);
    if (bb == R(0)) { c = T(1); s = T(0);   return; }
    if (aa == R(0)) { c = T(0); s = b / bb; return; }
    if (bb > aa)
      { T t = -safe_divide(a,b); s = T(R(1) / (sqrt(R(1)+gmm::abs_sqr(t)))); c = s * t; }
    else
      { T t = -safe_divide(b,a); c = T(R(1) / (sqrt(R(1)+gmm::abs_sqr(t)))); s = c * t; }
  }

  // Apply Q* v
  template <typename T> inline
  void Apply_Givens_rotation_left(T &x, T &y, T c, T s)
  { T t1=x, t2=y; x = gmm::conj(c)*t1 - gmm::conj(s)*t2; y = c*t2 + s*t1; }

  // Apply v^T Q
  template <typename T> inline
  void Apply_Givens_rotation_right(T &x, T &y, T c, T s)
  { T t1=x, t2=y; x = c*t1 - s*t2; y = gmm::conj(c)*t2 + gmm::conj(s)*t1; }

  template <typename MAT, typename T>
  void row_rot(const MAT &AA, T c, T s, size_type i, size_type k) {
    MAT &A = const_cast<MAT &>(AA); // can be specialized for row matrices
    for (size_type j = 0; j < mat_ncols(A); ++j)
      Apply_Givens_rotation_left(A(i,j), A(k,j), c, s);
  }

  template <typename MAT, typename T>
  void col_rot(const MAT &AA, T c, T s, size_type i, size_type k) {
    MAT &A = const_cast<MAT &>(AA); // can be specialized for column matrices
    for (size_type j = 0; j < mat_nrows(A); ++j)
      Apply_Givens_rotation_right(A(j,i), A(j,k), c, s);
  }
  
}

#endif

